Kitchen Table Postcards

Travelling is usually a big part of my practice. I combine activities: material gathering (visits to flea markets and antiques quarters around Europe), subject and location research, sometimes exhibition projects too. But of course, this year has been very different, as it had to be. I’ve been unable to get out gathering in any serious way this year, instead sourcing materials locally when possible and frequently online.

At the time of writing, we’re in lockdown phase-two in London. I’m undertaking an imagined journey, creating a series of postcard paintings at the kitchen table, using photographs from past trips as subject matter. The series opened by crossing the English Channel, heading to Paris. I’m painting watercolour postcards from each location with some available for sale as part of the Artist Support Pledge.

A rough route is already mapped out, and I’ll announce destinations on my Instagram as I go.

David Cass
Journey of an Artwork
[David Cass’] visual language has consistency but no inviolable boundaries. Meditative for both maker and viewer, it distills light into line, not in any attempt to render an idea of perfection, but to harmonize art and science into an abstract vision of balance between two entities that are not opposites, like water and sky.
— Patricia Emison (Sept 2020)
 

The pool that is my art practice is fed by two definite streams: my paintings of sea in oil, onto metal surfaces; and my paintings of sea in watercolour onto wooden surfaces. Journey of an Artwork focusses on the latter. Photography, film and design are additional aspects of my practice, used to chart process and progress, and have been included to illustrate the stages from flea-marketing, to surface preparation, painting, and onward.

From the outset of this presentation, an awareness that my paintings resist accurate photography has been fundamental. The warmth of wood, the patina of surfaces, the texture of paint and how it absorbs or reflects light, the edges of artworks… these essential elements of my completed works are so easily lost on screen and in print.

In order to better depict the process of production I’ve selected a set of analogue photographs, for the tone of film photography better explains the materials I work with. This digital presentation is a summary of how I build my artworks, where both the physical materials and the subject matter comes from, drawn together by a new text from art historian Patricia Emison. It ­can be taken as a kind of model of an exhibition, a surrogate while we wait for full-scale encounters to return.

 
Journey of an Artwork, David Cass, 2020
[Cass] continually explores line both as border and as connection, and searches for grounds, for surfaces that can provide palimpsests, reminding us of the limits of the present. In achieving a new relationship between paint and ground, he has made a visual analogue for the common human experience of seeking to place the mercurial present upon the substructure of the past, to have at least a semblance of being able to exert ourselves upon what came before, rather than seeing ourselves as passive inheritors.
— Patricia Emison (Sept 2020)
David Cass
Painting Title Notes

In 2009 I first worked watercolour (gouache) onto wood. I didn’t know then, that this combination would come to define the following decade for me. Nor did I title that first work – it was simply listed as Untitled Seascape, which in hindsight seems redundant. Thus, my uneasy relationship with artwork titles began.

I’ve always been interested in words and in private moments I’ve always written. Over the last decade my artwork titles have been wide-ranging in tone: from prosaic titles which simply state the location illustrated – Aegina, 2018 ­– to more poetic titles referencing passing time and memory – Time Pulls, Time Pools, 2012.

Often, titles are important and bound to the artwork, but not always. My Rising Horizon series sees paintings titled for the heights of their horizon-lines, with the simple aim of inspiring discussion on the topic of sea-rise; my So Many Endings series speaks of both sustainability and my own personal response to closing one project and beginning another.

Having pursued my work with found objects for a considerable time, I realise that what’s most important to me asides from the physical artwork itself, is when an artwork was created, and where the surface came from – which isn’t necessarily the location illustrated.

In recent months I’ve only wanted to paint sea onto my finds, despite ­the fact – or maybe because of the fact – that I’ve hardly seen the sea this year. I focus heavily on the process of production, working in layers, from imagination; sometimes following woodgrain, creating rhythmic patterns that resemble waves but are probably better described as abstract. Slowly evolving over time, these processes have accompanied me wherever I’ve set up studio. The act of gathering objects is equally as important as the act of applying paint.

With this in mind, I’ve embarked upon a process of re-formatting titles, where appropriate. Each painting title going forward will follow the sequence: month & year; object used as surface; where surface was sourced; paint-type, size, status. Past Untitled works – as well as those which were titled for flea markets or as a description of the scene depicted – will be updated, too. Artworks previously listed in order – I, II, III – are now distinguishable by the clear listing of surface-type and date. These changes will not affect authenticity documents for works previously purchased: both myself and galleries have records of titles in their systems.

When I set out painting sea, I had no idea I’d explore the potential of the found-object to this extent. I had no idea how strong the pull would be to keep painting these scenes, but the possibilities are infinite. This new system of titling makes most sense to me, and places each painting within the context of the whole.

 
 

December 2009
Framed mirror · Prestonpans
Gouache · 45 x 50cm
Private collection

 
David Cass
Two Weeks in the Studio

This week I’m pleased to be The Scottish Gallery’s staff pick. The gallery has also published some footage I shot in the Scottish Borders in July – Two Weeks in the Studio.

As lockdown eased across the UK during July 2020, David travelled back home to Stow, in the Borders, to spend a couple of weeks painting – taking film at intervals to chart his progress for us. In this short film we can enjoy a quiet look at Cass’ working processes, transforming a collection of everyday vintage items into artworks.
— The Scottish Gallery
 

Matchbox painting consigned to The Scottish Gallery

Printmaker’s tray painting consigned to The Scottish Gallery

 
David Cass
Salvage Scotland: A Maritime SOS

Just finished, Salvage Scotland: A Maritime SOS was an online project from Journeys in Design celebrating heritage & sustainable design initiatives alive in Scotland’s coastal communities. The exhibition – which was adapted for online presentation – took the form of a virtual journey around Scotland’s coast. Project curator John Ennis recorded a series of online discussions during the project, introcucing each participating artist and offering some background. Our conversation can be seen below: Art Activism and the Sea.

 
Intensely engaged with themes of rising sea levels, maritime ecology and climate change, David discusses the essential collaborative elements of his work, in both research and dissemination phases.
David Cass
Surface: Summary

Surface was a grouping of artworks I selected in collaboration with Art North Magazine, for the platform Projectroom2020. The presentation featured works by eight artists working upon re-imagined grounds – a celebration of alternative surfaces and processes.

 
 

 
 

Roger Ackling
David Cass
Roland Fraser
Derrick Guild
Kevin Harman
William Kentridge
Hayley Tompkins
Andrea V Wright

 
 

 
Here, we have eight artists, including myself, producing work upon re-imagined grounds: walls, functional objects, found fragments, fabrics... In selecting the artists and artworks encountered here, my concerns have related primarily to what I view as ‘dynamics’, or ranges of pace. Not only have I sought to confine my selection to those who use what might be considered non-traditional substrates, but also, to those who employ unconventional processes.

Surface is about contrasts too: Derrick Guild’s tightly considered trompe-l’œil masterpieces are presented in stark contrast to Kevin Harman’s experimental and accident-embracing glassworks, for example. Roland Fraser dismantles and reassembles functional artefacts, while Andrea Wright indexes them, capturing years of evidence – of accretions on brick and wood – onto latex.

Personally, I can’t imagine starting an artwork from a blank slate. To me, it would seem unnatural, for what in life can ever truly be considered blank, and isn’t art so often considered to be a mirror of and for life? As Allan Kaprow suggested, ‘the line between art and life should be kept as fluid, and perhaps indistinct, as possible.’

So much has come before. So much exists out there. So much will, in addition, outlive us. The subtle evidence of lives lived, loved, lost, may so frequently be found inscribed on the very surfaces we have touched and, however lightly, have etched something of ourselves into the everyday objects that live with us throughout our lives.
— Excerpt from David's introduction text | May 2020
Screenshot of the presentation webpage, featuring Roland Fraser’s Stepladder (2017)

Screenshot of the presentation webpage, featuring Roland Fraser’s Stepladder (2017)

 
Become one with the object. Plunge deep enough into the object to see something like a hidden glimmering there.
— Matsuo Basho
 
David Cass
The Sea from Here: Interview with Sea Library
Sea Library David Cass

I’m delighted to have been interviewed by Sea Library – a blog and physical library set up by Anna Iltnere from her base in Jurmala, Latvia. A place “thriving under pine umbrellas on a stretch of land between the river Lielupe and the Baltic Sea.” Jurmala translates as seaside and jura as sea: “the perfect place for a sea library to wash ashore.” Among other things, the feature highlights two ongoing participatory projects: The Sea from Here + Where Once the Waters.

Find on Sea Library’s Instagram a wonderful range of water-books, many of which grace my own shelves: David Gange’s The Frayed Atlantic Edge, Barry Lopez’s Horizon, Raynor Winn’s The Salt Path

 

 
Sometimes when I’m near water I can switch off and appreciate the beauty of it all, and in much of my painting I hope to convey this feeling. But at other times, I can’t help but fear the ocean’s power, and regret the damage we’ve done.
David Cass
David Loftus in the Studio
 

As lockdown begins easing in England and we’re able to considerately enter each other’s homes, photographer & artist David Loftus visited. David’s intuitive and sensitive way of working made for a stunning set of photographs – a valued record of this period. A few can be seen below and I’ll share more later in the year.

 
 
 
 

Images © David Loftus (2020)
davidloftus.com

I’m currently reading David’s beautifully written memoir Diary of a Lone Twin

 
David Cass
Artist Support Pledge

You may have heard of the Artist Support Pledge – founded by Matthew Burrows Studio in response to the Covid-19 lockdown and its impact on the arts. The initiative is set to continue post-lockdown. Though I don’t wish to deviate attention from any gallery activities (both The Scottish Gallery and Tatha Gallery have works of mine in stock) I will continue to share around one artwork per week as part of the Pledge on my Instagram account. Each is small-scale and under £200.

The Pledge concept is simple, aiming to generate a circular artistic economy. Once any participating artist reaches £1000 of sales, they promise to buy other artists’ work(s) to a total of £200 (excluding postage) per round. It’s a brilliant idea and it has helped many. So far, I’ve been able to purchase artworks from six other makers. Anyone (anywhere) can purchase works from the Pledge.

 

Most small-scale works at £200 or under listed on this page count towards the Pledge

For anyone who’s purchased an artwork and is looking for framing suggestions – this page may help

Any additional questions? Email info@davidcass.art

David Cass
World Oceans Day 2020

Our oceans need us now more than ever. While it’s true that the Earth has had some vital breathing space during our days indoors; this has had little or no impact on issues such as sea-rise. The window for climate action is closing quickly; we must act now to slow the rising of our oceans for generations to come. I believe deeply that art is a powerful tool in helping to raise awareness. In this blog entry, I’ve compiled a list of recent posts relevant to World Oceans Day. You may also like to look through the digital versions of two book projects: Rising Horizon + As Coastline is to Ocean.

 
 

Please also check out the Marine Conservation Society

David Cass
Surface

I’m proud to introduce Surface [now closed]

This online presentation has been in the works since the early days of lockdown – made possible thanks to the brilliant initiative Projectroom2020 (from Art North Magazine)


Without question, the working life of every artist I know (regardless of age, experience or medium) has been affected by the Covid-19 lockdown. Rapidly, arts institutions, galleries, and individuals rose to the challenge: offering open calls, virtual exhibitions, support. One of the most exciting initiatives I’ve seen is Projectroom2020. This online platform was set up by the founders of Art North Magazine during the early days of event disruption. The website has gone on to present a remarkably wide range of online displays: virtual exhibition spaces, filmed works, resource banks, PDFs…

I made an application to present a collection of works focussed on makers who embrace alternative surfaces. I reached out to some of the artists (or, representatives of artists) who have inspired me in my own work, aiming to bring together a dynamic grouping – so that each artist compliments the next, whilst also offering a bit of contrast. We have: Roger Ackling, Roland Fraser, Derrick Guild, Kevin Harman, William Kentridge, Hayley Tompkins and Andrea V Wright; as well as my own contributions of paintings that define each ‘period’ of my practice to date.

Projectroom2020’s Ian McKay has done an outstanding job pulling everyting together. The founders describe the initiative as a “collaborative online gallery project devised to support artists in showing work during the public health crisis caused by ‘Covid-19’ and the need for ‘social-distancing’ and ‘self-isolation’. Ultimately it is about keeping the gears well-oiled … keeping the ‘creative spark’ alive at a time of great personal and social upheaval.”

 

May 20th – June 21st 2020

David Cass
The Sea from Here
David Cass
David Cass
 

Send me water from where you are…

 

This year I had planned a few coastal expeditions to work on a photography project set for exhibition next year in Summerhall Gallery (Edinburgh). Quite rightly, these trips have been cancelled, as a result of Covid-19. But I have a new plan. I’m asking if you would like to contribute to the project…

I’m gathering photographs of sea (though images of tidal rivers [such as the Thames] or canals [such as those in Venice] will also work). You needn’t work in the arts to take part, and nor do the photographs need to be taken on a dedicated camera. In many cases, smartphone photos will work. If you live near or regularly pass by a body of water, just send me a snap. But please don’t go out of your way or put yourself at risk. The style and orientation of the image is up to you, all I ask is that the main subject of the image is water.

The topic of the project is sea-rise. I will pair the photos with notes from each location – offering tide gauge measurements or data on coastal change in the area. The aim is to offer relatable sea level information: to help raise awareness on a pressing environmental topic. Sea levels are rising around the world, but they’re not rising evenly.

Submit your image(s) by following the instructions on the webpage linked below. Please send no more than three full-resolution files. By submitting your images, you agree that they may be used as part of the project, and may be minimally edited or sharpened if necessary. Each contributor will be credited. Any questions, give me an email: info@davidcass.art.

 
David Cass
Venice

Recently, collaboration has been a key element of my practice. My aim is to make accessible artworks – offering entry points – presenting topics that touch us all. I’ll exhibit during the next Venice Art Biennale (dates under review as a result of Covid-19). This blog post outlines two ways that you can be involved in the project.


The Project: Just over a year ago, I began work on an application to show during the 2021 Venice Biennale [now changed to 2022]. I’m delighted to have been offered an exhibition venue. It’s been a dream of mine to show during the Biennale, ever since seeing the festival for the first time in 2007. The arts organisation I’m working with is a respected one, presenting their shows via the official Biennale programme, so that the venue is listed and artist promoted accordingly. They’re known for their use of alternative spaces – which perfectly suits my practice. More than that, the venue is in Castello – heart of the Biennale district.

Full details remain under wraps for now, but, I can say that the show will explore themes of environmental change. Given that Venice is Europe’s first clear victim of rising sea levels, this topic will be the principal under discussion.

I invite you to take part in my survey Where Once the Waters. The data collected via this survey will help to form the main, large-scale artwork of the show. I’m also calling for sponsors. Following the same method as I did for Perimetri Perduti (in 2015) I’ll list sponsors of the show in associated printed material and online. I’ve set aside a series of paintings which will be gifted in return for sponsorship offerings.

Background: In 2013, I began work on – what was later titled – Perimetri Perduti. The project’s title translates as ‘perimeters lost’, and explores the history of Florence’s 1966 flood. The artworks illustrated the changed shape and lost boundaries of the flooded city. By way of painting, writing and the eventual production of a book, the project drew contrasts with contemporary examples of environmental extremes, whilst also discussing the lost sense of place Florentines experienced.

In order to elevate that project, the book and eventual book-launch exhibitions were funded by generous sponsors – who had followed developments – backing by way of donation. Their support allowed me to present the work at its very best, in prime locations and to a wide audinece: in the British Institute of Florence alongside an exhibition to mark the 50th year since the flood; and shortly after, in Florence’s twin city of Edinburgh the book was presented in The Fruitmarket and Italian Cultural Institute.

I am once more reaching out. The richness of that experience is still with me today. Vital connections were made and endure, and important stories shared.

I began researching for this project as a direct next step from my Florence work: exploring the impact of the city’s ever increasing episodes of acqua alta (high water).


There are two ways that you be involved:
as part of the artwork itself & as a sponsor

 

Data collected via my survey Where Once the Waters will help to form the exhibition’s principal, large-scale installation. Enter your details to be included in the artwork.

Following the same method as I did for Perimetri Perduti (in 2015) sponsors of the show will be listed in any associated exhibition material and online. A range of artworks are also available as sponsorship companions – visit this webpage for full information on sponsorship.

 

Want to know more? info@davidcass.art

David Cass
The Matchbox

Soon after graduation – back in 2010 and 2011 – I spent some time living in Brussels. The city was a base for me to move between Belgium, France and northern Italy for projects. When in the city, I’d take daily walks to the Jeu de Balle flea market, hauling back bags stuffed with odds and ends. My creativity flourished more there than anywhere. I’d go as far as to say that those trips to the Jeu de Balle made me the artist I am today.

In the early days, I’d collect all sorts: pieces of furniture, old 8mm ciné film, photographs, books, jotters, stamps… but I quickly began to refine my searches. I’d look for wooden coffee-grinders, because their drawers have a perfect panel on the base to paint on. I’d buy postcards and letters – always fascinated by the marks left by previous keepers. But by far the most exciting object to hunt down was the humble matchbox.

These boxes were once carried, held, struck. Often kept and re-purposed. They formed part of routines, they accompanied people. They provided fire to cook with, to smoke with, to give light. They’re now in a kind of retirement… pieces of ocean one might hold.

I became addicted to collecting them. But not just any brands. They had to be of a certain age, they had to be in a certain condition. Their labels had to be discoloured just the right amount. I’ve grown a huge collection over the years, and though I haven’t been back to Brussels in a good while, I still find the odd matchbox nearer home or online.

At first, I created a series of gouache paintings of matchbox labels. These were exhibited in a show called Unearthed, where almost all the surfaces had come from the Jeu de Balle. Soon after, I began painting directly upon the boxes, but this hid the simple litho-label designs and typefaces that had drawn me in the first place. And so, I developed a technique of cutting inserts from recycled card or wooden offcuts.

Upon these miniature planes I painted seascapes, skylines, mountains. I called the original series Gathered Seconds. The images illustrated the travels I made around Europe. These days I’m travelling less for work, aiming to limit my footprint. So I’m painting sea from imagination; focussing on layering and process.

 
[Cass uses] old matchboxes as a convenient mini-machine of moving parts, in which card, paper, ink, and watercolour can transform a small quotidian design marvel into a vessel of succinct communication, by which opposites are made into a whole: waves of water on a fire-making device, an almost-obsolete, once common convenience made into a reminder of our present-day plight.
— Patricia Emison
David Cass
Studio: April

Great Scots in Isolation,
Virtual Studio Tours,
Online Exhibitions,
New Paintings…


For artists, a lot is up in the air right now. Funding, commissions, exhibitions, collaborations. We may have spent the best part of the last month indoors, but among my network of colleagues, it’s fair to say that work has accelerated as we grapple with the changing situation.

Shows have been cancelled, postponed or moved online, so modifications are underway. My main focus is still for next year’s Venice Biennale, but I’ve also spent time organising virtual projects, starting a new set of paintings and creating short films – the first of which has been included in The Scottish Gallery’s new YouTube series, Great Scots in Isolation (below).

Last week I held my first virtual studio tour. An important part of my work is inviting interested parties into my workspace, which of course can’t be done at the moment. If you’d like to arrange a virtual visit – via Zoom, Facetime or Skype – please do get in touch.

 

Virtual Adaptations,
Postponements,
Cancellations…

  • The Royal Scottish Academy’s Annual Exhibition has moved online this year. See screenshots below and view the dedicated website here.

  • The group exhibition Traces & Relationships – which was due to open in May at Birnam Arts, Dunkeld – has been postponed and may also move online later in the year. Updates will appear on the timeline page as and when they’re confirmed.

  • June’s RSA John Kinross at 40 symposium – where I was due to give a presentation on the impact of my 2010 Florence scholarship – has been cancelled.

  • Salvage will also be adapted, with discussions over a series of filmed talks / virtual events currently underway. More on that when details are confirmed.

  • Lastly, keep an eye on a new initiative instigated by Art North. Projectroom2020 is a virtual space: a platform for sharing digital exhibitions, artworks, ideas and resources. I’ve been compiling a collection titled Surface. All being well, the online presentation of Surface should go live at the end of the month.

Books

At the beginning of lockdown, I offered free copies of Rising Horizon via my Instagram. A little extra reading material for these days indoors. This proved popular, and while I can’t continue to offer free copies, I have reduced the price of all books on my eStore until lockdown ends. Use the following codes at the checkout:

SEVENTYFIVE for 75% off Rising Horizon
FIFTY for 50% off As Coastline is to Ocean
TWENTYFIVE for 25% off Perimetri Perduti


Matchboxes

Between 2010 and 2016 I produced a series titled Gathered Seconds. These matchbox-seascapes are each painted in watercolour and gouache onto found and cropped cardboard or wooden inserts. The series received the Royal Watercolour Society’s top award for innovation in 2012. During lockdown, I’ve gone back to them. These are satisfying works to produce. The matchboxes themselves come from flea markets around Europe, collected over the last decade. Please get in touch if you’d like one.

I’ll sign off with some kind words from Ben Fogle on his recent Everest commission, Summit (approx. 40 x 50cm, oil on wooden printmaker’s tray).

Climbing Everest was a life-changing experience, and I wanted something to remind me of the mountain. David was the prefect artist to commission for a painting that was both evocative and moving. I love his use of recycled materials and felt confident leaving him to the creative process. The result is perfect.
— Ben Fogle
 

Stay well.

 
David Cass
Studio: March

The first week of March has been eventful, with the last days of Horizon Rising in North Uist and a series of activities to mark its close; followed by a studio visit from adventurer Ben Fogle, signing off on paintings commissioned to mark both his epic Everest ascent and his 49-day Atlantic crossing. A recent set of seascapes were also installed in central London this week; and, new exhibitions have been confirmed for the coming months. A busy few days, which I thought merited a blog post.

2020 is Scotland’s Year of Coasts & Waters, and I’m set to take part in a few shows on the theme this year. Horizon Rising opened in early January. If you’re familiar with the series, you’ll be aware of its concept. In short, the paintings discuss sea-rise.

The Uists are unique, rugged islands. They’re places of culture, community, tradition. They’re also at the face of sea level rise in Europe. We’ve gone from storm to storm so far this year and the effects on these remote islands are plain to see. The machair plains are saturated and floodwaters are yet to drain from gardens, fields and some roads.

But it seems to take a lot to shake the islanders I met. They’re used to living with harsh weather and everyone I spoke to at Taigh Chearsabhagh Museum & Arts Centre was aware of the impact climate change will have in this part of Scotland. The gallery and arts centre – pictured here – cannot develop on its existing site due to predicted storm-surge sea levels.

Art students at the in-house art school are almost all creating site-specific works. I held tutorials with several engaging students, including the school’s two BA fourth years – Katherine Taylor and Hector Start – who are each illustrating the island, but from opposing perspectives. While Start is capturing the immense landscape through physical and closely considered oil paintings; Taylor is exploring the world beneath the water’s surface. Often producing works outdoors, Taylor has developed a technique of combining cyanotype with pigment, salt and hand-made papers; producing unique works of depth. Her sketchbooks are packed with experiments created at the water’s edge; alongside research-based studies exploring (among other things) the phenomenon of marine snow (pictured below left, with permission).

MarineSnow and SoulVessels

As well as meeting with students, I held a workshop and gave a talk. Images can be seen on instagram and a summary transcript of the talk can be downladed here. The workshop focussed on found materials and sustainable studio practices; each participant bringing items for transformation. Artist Kirsty O’Connor worked with me on the day, whose artwork is well worth exploring – particularly her Soul Vessels project (pictured above right, with permission) which poignantly “commemorates personal losses, as well as honouring souls lost at sea in their search for a new home, linking the current migration crisis with people having had to leave Hebridean shores in the past”.

Work on this project began in 2017, directly after my exhibition Pelàda. Pelàda focussed on Venice – another island already feeling the impact of rising sea levels. In the months after Pelàda I stepped away, zooming out to explore the topic of sea rise more generally. The paintings have been created using various found materials, but mostly metals. The first showing of the series was in The Scottish Gallery, Edinburgh; and one year later, this re-imagined (and re-arranged) version of the project – with new images of up-close sea surface – sat next to the sea in Lochmaddy | Read more on the overall project here

David Cass
Ten Points

Today, there is both increased awareness and concern over rising sea levels. There is also considerable myth and misinformation. The following points and perspectives come from John Englander, accompanied by images from Horizon Rising / Rising Horizon and As Coastline is to Ocean. John is an oceanographer and author of High Tide on Main Street: Rising Sea Level & the Coming Coastal Crisis.

 
I

I

Contrary to popular belief, melting icebergs and sea ice have no effect on sea levels. Like floating ice in a glass, they are approximately 10% above the surface, due to the peculiar fact that ice has lower density than water.

II

II

The principal cause of change in global sea levels relates to the amount of ice on land, primarily our vast ice sheets and glaciers, 98% of which are on Antarctica and Greenland. These huge ice sheets are several miles high and would raise global sea levels some 65m if they were all to melt. Fortunately, though, this would take many centuries.

III

III

Over the last century, global sea levels have increased by approximately 20cm. In recent years, the rate of rise has rapidly increased. Most scientists believe that acceleration in the rise-rate will increase in a non-linear manner: this relates to the way ice sheets and glaciers go through phases of collapse which cannot be precisely predicted.

IV

IV

A secondary factor of global sea rise is that seawater expands as it warms. In the last century thermal expansion of seawater has contributed around 8cm to ocean height.

V

V

In addition to global sea level variations, there are also local factors that influence change. One such factor is that land in different places moves either up or down: caused by tectonic shifts, the compaction of silts and organic matter, or pumping water or petroleum from the ground. Such local variations warrant evaluation both to better predict future sea levels and to design adaptations.

VI

VI

Throughout Earth’s history sea levels have changed more than 100m vertically as the amount of ice on land has altered. The last low-water mark was approximately 22,000 years ago, when sea levels were around 120m below present. The last high-water mark was approximately 120,000 years ago, when sea levels were roughly 7m above present. These fluctuations were part of a natural repeating process that is commonly called the ice ages, a phenomenon that has been occurring naturally every 100,000 years, for almost 4 million years.

VII

VII

We have now broken out of the natural ice age cycles of the last few million years and are in a period of abnormal warming. This correlates almost precisely with elevated levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide, which acts like a sheet of glass in a greenhouse: transmitting radiant sunlight but blocking the escape of warm air.

VIII

VIII

Today, the oceans are measured to be approximately 1°C warmer than they were a century ago. While the atmosphere is also getting warmer, more than 90% of the excess heat is stored in the oceans. Warmer oceans mean that the ice on land will melt until it reaches a new equilibrium.

IX

IX

From geologic history it is clear that even 1°C of higher global temperature corresponds with metres of higher sea level. We are in the early stages of a transition that will continue throughout this century and beyond. Higher sea levels will gradually reshape coastlines all over the world. Even a few centimeters of change are already affecting the short-term flooding brought by storms, heavy rains, and extreme tides. Sea level is the baseline that raises all those temporary events.

X

X

Recognising this new reality, we need to do two things simultaneously: pursue all means to reduce the level of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, with carbon dioxide from the combustion of fossil fuels as the primary factor that we can control. If done sufficiently at a global level, this can eventually slow the warming. Having already passed a tipping point, we need to start adapting to a new era with a rising sea. We have decades to adjust building codes, engineering, communities and infrastructure, but we have no time to waste.

 
John Englander
Notes: 31.01.20

My current exhibition Horizon Rising opened in the European Union but it will close outside of it. The union that has shaped my career, that offers such opportunity to so many.


A scholarship to Italy immediately after graduation evolved into my largest project to date. A period living in Brussels introduced me to the joy of flea-marketing, pushing my use of recycled materials. Time spent in Paris, northern Spain and the Cyclades has made for some of my most rewarding creative experiences. And, while sustainability has always sat at the core of my art practice, it was a residency in the Almería arid-zone that led me to delve more deeply into the topic of climate change – the theme my works explore today.

Europe made me the artist I am today. Though, my relationship with Europe encompasses far more than just my career.

When Taigh Chearsabhagh Arts Centre invited me to exhibit this month and next, it didn’t occur to me that I’d be producing a travelling exhibition, but conceptually at least, this is what it is.

Horizon Rising | Stills from a short film by Taigh Chearsabhagh Arts Centre

Horizon Rising | Stills from a short film by Taigh Chearsabhagh Arts Centre

Film Still 1.jpg

I feel frustration today, set to be stripped of my EU citizenship, resident of a country that’s chosen to close a door at a time when – for the sake of our planet, if nothing else – we urgently need to act together.

In the UK, the party with one of the lowest environmental commitments has maintained leadership. When we have just months to act to safeguard the future of our planet, we need to work together. We know already that Britain is set to miss its 2020 climate pledges, yet, the UK leaves the EU this evening, paving the way for years of uncertainty and instability, where environmental stewardship will be impacted.

We’ve witnessed unfathomable irony in recent months, as our Earth has suffered the impacts of climate change.

Devastating forest fires have raged across Australia causing untold damage (glaciers in New Zealand have turned pink from the ash, disabling their ability to reflect sunlight and aid temperature regulation). Yet – Sydney welcomed 2020 with a huge display of fireworks.

Venice suffered extreme flooding, the governor of the region described the inundation as “apocalyptic”, that the city was “on its knees”. Yet – the floodwaters entered the city just minutes after a local council meeting voted against allocating funding to combat the effects of climate change.

Last month, on Christmas Eve, Antarctica lost fifteen percent of its icy mass and at its antipode, it’s been revealed that due to global warming, Greenland is now losing ice at a rate of 280 billion tons per year. Yet – most governments are failing to take drastic action, Cop25 ended in deadlock and if we look to America, President Trump (who proclaimed at Davos that environmental campaigners are “the perennial prophets of doom”) has maintained his resistance to international climate collaboration.

For reasons such as these (and these are a mere handful) it makes little sense to close doors. But on a personal level, Europe will, of course, continue to offer inspiration. And at home, in Scotland (which voted overwhelmingly to remain in the EU) we must hope for a more adventurous Cop26 in Glasgow later this year.

David Cass
Horizon Rising
Our planet’s systems are being pushed beyond their limits: the health of its water, air and soils under siege. From deforestation and soil erosion, to pollution of rivers, oceans and the air we breathe, our planetary health is waning badly. Climate change is the biggest threat-multiplier of them all. Sea rise is now a very real threat to millions.
— Prof. Dave Reay

At the start of 2019, Rising Horizon was exhibited at The Scottish Gallery, Edinburgh. The show was well received and the project has continued. The paintings – which discuss the topic of sea-level rise – are now on shown in North Uist, at Taigh Chearsabhagh Museum & Arts Centre, to introduce Scotland’s Year of Coasts & Waters.

Titled Horizon Rising, this new instalment in the series is of particular relevance to North Uist and Taigh Chearsabhagh. The horizon is no far-off or distant concern for coastal communities such as Uist and the Outer Hebrides. These low-lying islands will be impacted by rising water levels sooner than most.

Read below texts written on the series to mark its launch in 2019 by professor Dave Reay of Edinburgh University’s School of Geosciences and by oceanographer John Englander. Also see a short film by Taigh Chearsabhagh’s Andy Mackinnon, shot during and after Storm Brendan.

Film by Taigh Chearsabhagh Museum & Arts Centre + Uistfilm

 
 
On the land, vast swathes of natural forest have been felled and their soils ploughed up. The carbon released has joined that from fossil burning in a smothering heat blanket encircling the globe. This hotter atmosphere super-charges the water cycle, bringing devastating flash floods in one place just as it saps away moisture and bakes earth into dust in another.

Across the oceans, sea levels are rising. Expansion of the warming waters combines with ever more ice melt from land to endanger millions around the world. Each notch higher on the global thermometer means a step closer to the irreversible loss of the ice sheets.

Climate change threatens the health of all planetary systems, its plants, its animals, and us too. Global carbon emissions must now fall to zero by the middle of this century. In the Paris Climate Agreement the nations of the world have plotted a route map to get there. Travelling that road will be the greatest undertaking in human history.

At the core of planetary health is sustainability. Sustainable use of Earth’s resources, knowledge of and respect for its boundaries. David’s work embodies all of this.

The rising horizon is a very real threat to millions of people, yet in his beautiful and inspired repurposing and reuse of materials David illuminates an alternative future. A future where the products we consume have lives beyond landfill sites. A future where resources are part of a circular economy, one that recognises their value and the true cost of their waste.

The horizon is rising. Just how far is now down to us.
— Prof. Dave Reay, 2019
 

 
We look to the horizon to gain perspective: to see what might be coming towards us; to gauge changing weather conditions. The straight line of the horizon is our most basic point of reference, giving us our bearings and supporting our sense of balance. Our perspective changes as our gaze shifts. Above is the sky, the atmosphere and the universe beyond. In the case of this exhibition, below lies only sea.

Over the horizon is the world of things out of sight, both tempting and treacherous. Faraway places and cultures capable of broadening an inner horizon, or a tsunami, a mighty wave that barely shows in open ocean.

The notion of a rising horizon is both evocative and timely. Sea level is rising. This new global phenomenon needs our attention. While the height of the ocean has an ambiguous visual impact on the horizon, it has a dramatic effect on the coastline. The rising sea will submerge land – our most defining physical asset. This will alter nearly all beaches but will have even greater impact as it expands marshlands and alters the contours of waterways and rivers that connect to the sea. It will take decades for the effect to be noticeable on most maps, though certainly it will.

Ever worsening events of flooding are being witnessed worldwide. While many may think of the Maldives or Miami in terms of vulnerability, flooding will also eat away at Scotland’s coastline. The stunning reality of rising sea level is that all coastal communities will be affected, both large cities and rural areas – some ten thousand or more.

Cass’s paintings creatively pose a rising horizon from dozens of diverse perspectives, upon a variety of supports: they are bold paintings, often deliberately exaggerated. Despite appearing to be playful in form, many act as a kind of miniature ice-pick to the brain – raising awareness – whilst in their more extreme form cast judgement on how this came to be.

For the last half-century we have all been privileged to see the Earth from the viewpoint of satellites. Such remarkable imagery has transformed our perception of this ocean planet. Over the next half-century there will be noticeable changes to many areas as the rising sea permanently alters the land-sea boundary. Though far from a straight line, the shoreline may be the most important line in the world.

We are in an unprecedented new era and need to see the reality that comes from looking at science without prejudice or preconception. Art is a vital tool to disseminate this message and to provoke thought and action about the real world in which we live.
— Oceanographer John Englander
 
 

44% 2018
25.5 x 16.5cm · Oil on artist’s box lid · Available

48% 2019
109.5 x 65cm (detail) · Oil on street sign · Email for availability

 

Horizon Rising
Fàirean a’ Dìreadh

Taigh Chearsabhagh Museum & Arts Centre
North Uist | Outer Hebrides

www.taigh-chearsabhagh.org

David Cass
Visit the Studio

Studio visits are always welcome – a chance for you to see new and recent works, collections of found objects, past pieces, drawings, studies… It’s also a great chance for us to speak face to face. I’m based in Notting Hill, a few minutes from Westbourne Park tube station. After entering your details into the form below we can discuss when would be best to visit.

Artwork in the Studio
 
Artwork in the Studio

As Parisian historian and retired cultural director Roger Rotmann once noted, “in order to comprehend the true core of Cass' work – the tension, the voltage that runs through it – one must observe it in the flesh.”

I’ve worked in several spaces since graduation in 2010: in Stow, my home-village in the Scottish Borders, where I still keep a studio; in Leith, Edinburgh, where I began work on Rising Horizon; and most recently in Notting Hill, London, where I now live and where you’re invited to visit. While I have worked for shorter periods in temporary spaces around Europe; these are the locations where I’ve formed significant bodies of work, and to which I feel most tied.

 
Artwork in the Studio
Artwork in the Studio
Artwork in the Studio

As I’ve stated in blog posts before – as well as in a recent article for Artists & Climate Change – my studio practice and material choices are eco-conscious. Each artwork in the studio has been painted upon some form of recycled surface. I’d be delighted to show and explain more.

Artwork in the Studio
Artwork in the Studio
 

Sketchbook, David Cass
David Cass